Journal of Public Administration, Policy and Governance Research

Assessment of Socio-Economic Effects of Epileptic Electricity Supply in Igabi Local Government of Kaduna State, Nigeria

2025-04-07T05:20:47+00:00

Nigeria enjoyed a relatively regular electricity supply in the 1970s and 1980s which keeps the textiles and other businesses and households in Kaduna state alive but now it is in a state of comatose with epileptic nature as its characteristics despite the privatization of the sub-sector. Therefore, the study investigates the socioeconomic effects of the power supply in Igabi Local Government Area between 2015 and 2020. The study used Structural Functionalism as its theoretical framework hence, 14 stakeholders were purposively selected comprising 4 Kaduna Electricity Distribution Company Staff, 4 househlods,4 small and medium scale business owners and 2 farmers were interviewed,440 questionnaires were distributed among the respondents but 400 were at the end analysed. The study found that power was erratic in the area during the period but people still patronize the electricity distributor, businesses folded up leading to the increase in the level of unemployment and insecurity such as banditry, kidnappings, armed robbery and political thuggery, hence the study recommended that more private distributors should be allowed to invest in the sub-sector, all customers should be metered, there is a need to invest in the infrastructure as most of them are in a dilapidated state, end insecurity among other recommendations.

Remuneration And Employees’ Performance in Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State, Nigeria: A Content Analysis

2025-04-07T06:45:46+00:00

The Nigerian local government system has faced growing challenges, with employee morale declining significantly, resulting in diminished enthusiasm for work. As a consequence, the impact of local governments is no longer noticeable due to poor performance. In light of these concerns, this research, titled "Remuneration and Employees’ Performance in Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State," aims to assess examine the role of salary on employees’ performance in Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State, it seeks to examine the relationship between Fringe Benefits and employee’s performance in Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State and it also seek to examine if remuneration improve employee’s productivity in Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. The study is qualitative based. The research adopted Karl Marx's (1848) Class Theory of the State as its theoretical framework and employed a survey design utilizing structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using content analysis. The findings indicated that salary has significant effects on employees’ performance in Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. In addition, the study also revealed that Fringe Benefits has also significant effects on employee’s performance in Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. finally, the study highlighted that remuneration improve employee’s productivity in Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. The study recommends that the government at the centre ensure the local government administrative and financial autonomy. The government should prioritize creativity and professionalism in the remuneration system to effectively meet its objectives. Furthermore, it suggests that government bodies should implement policies and establish regulations to ensure equitable and timely payment of wages and salaries across all sectors. Additionally, the state government should create transparent and fair reward distribution structures, free from favouritism and nepotism. Finally, the state government should ensure the prompt and fair provision of incentives and fringe benefits to motivate and enhance employee performance.

Acoustic Over-Exposure as Public Nuisance in the Institutional Land Use of Calabar Metropolitan Area, Cross River State, Nigeria

2025-04-30T22:17:04+00:00

Every tertiary institution is meant to be a centre of excellence in terms of academic activities as well as enabling environment to achieve such. However, a lot of these academic settings have turned to activity hubs of varying nature of landuses, which daily generate high acoustic levels. The study comparatively assessed noise level across the two major tertiary institutions in Calabar metropolis, Nigeria. The objectives were to identify institutional sources of noise, perform comparative analysis of noise levels across tertiary institutions in Calabar metropolis as well as render viable measures for reducing the incidence and effects of noise levels in tertiary institutions within Calabar metropolis. Sound level data was acquired using BK Precision 732 Digital Sound Level Meters. Analysis was done using the Analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique. From the test, ‘F’ value calculated (2.74) is greater than the ‘F’ tabulated (1.86) which implies that there is a significant variation in noise levels within the University of Calabar and the University of Cross River State. Observations show that generator noise, socio-economic activities, extra-curricular activities within tertiary institutions, traffic within and outside the school premises and business outlets within the study locations are the main sources of noise pollution within the institutions. It was therefore, recommended that University authorities should zone/allocate landuses to activities that are similar to each other so as to avoid land use conflicts and incompatibilities. Besides, land uses which are not compatible with the university environment should be eliminated. University authorities should help reduce the total number of generating sets within the school premises by allocating one generating set which will serve all business operations within the school premises and such should be away from lecture venues and other offices.

Malnutrition Among Children (0 – 5 Years) in Uyo Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

2025-05-01T20:09:07+00:00

This study investigated child malnutrition (ages 0–5) in the study area, focusing on the factors contributing to malnutrition. The study used research questions and two null hypotheses, guided by the biopsychosocial model as the theoretical framework. Both primary and secondary data were collected, with a simple random sampling technique used to distribute 400 questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted using the chi-square statistical tool. The findings identified factors such as family size and dietary patterns, particularly among low-income families, as significant contributors to child malnutrition. The study recommended community programs to promote smaller family sizes, healthy cultural practices, and proper infant feeding as crucial for child development.

Public Perceptions of Child Protection in Nigeria: The Crucial Role of Child Protection Social Workers

2025-05-01T20:22:30+00:00

Children’s welfare and safety are fundamental rights but are often compromised due to various socio-economic factors. Thus, there is a need to understand child protection in Nigeria and the crucial role of Child Protection Social Workers to accommodate the best interests of the child to local contexts. This study examines the perceptions of a cross-section of Nigerians regarding their knowledge of child protection and the roles of social work professionals. Through a structured questionnaire, data were collected from a representative sample of 150 participants between the age of 25 years and above who have child(ren) residing with them. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. The result show that the general knowledge level of child protection in the modern Nigerian context is low (48.00) compared to the traditional or cultural Nigerian method. Although the majority of the respondents (51.5%) were not familiar with the professional designation ‘Child Protection Social Worker’, they, however, demonstrated substantial knowledge about social workers’ general areas of practice (82,5%) with low level of knowledge of social work roles (43.5%) on Child Protection. It was thus recommended that the government, non-governmental organizations, philanthropist, social workers among others should work to ensure that the issue of Child Protection in modern Nigeria be highly prioritized.

Socio-Cultural Determinants of Malnutrition Among Under 5 Children in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

2025-05-03T10:16:50+00:00

The study examined socio-cultural determinants of malnutrition among under 5 children in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Following a quantitative approach and purposive sampling technique, 400 female participants were recruited. Data from the validated structured questionnaires were analysed using chi-square procedure. The study revealed that There is a significant relationship between household income, cultural practices and malnutrition among under 5 children in Akwa Ibom State. The study concluded by stating that household income, cultural practices affect malnutrition among under 5 children in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The study recommended among other things that low-income household should be provided with palliatives to raise their standard of living. Also, awareness should be created by attitudinal re- orientation commission on the effect of cultural practice and proper feeding of infant as an important stage in child development.

Niger Delta Post-Conflict Peacebuilding: Social Work Intervention Perspectives

2025-05-03T10:28:28+00:00

The Niger Delta geo-political zone is confronted by multiple violet conflicts and security challenges overtimes as a result of widespread exploitations of the abundant oil reserves without corresponding development. Many peacebuilding initiatives embarked on have failed to yield the desired sustainable peace resolutions due to non-involvement of professional peace practitioners like social workers. Therefore, this study examines the place of social work intervention in Niger Delta post-conflict peacebuilding as a panacea for national cohesion and development. The methodology employed in the study is quantitative and qualitative research technique using questionnaire and In-depth interview. The questionnaire was used to gather data from 50 social workers employed in institutions in Niger Delta. The in-depth interview was tailored towards eliciting information from 10 key informants such as community chiefs, peace and conflict experts and statesmen in Niger Delta. This study is anchored on conflict transformation theoretical framework due to its significance on understanding and explaining conflict management. The result revealed that 94% of the respondents reported poor design and inadequate implementations of peace and conflict management, and 96% of the respondents have not be involved in peacebuilding process in Niger Delta. Therefore, peacebuilding efforts so far have failed to contribute to national cohesion and development. The study recommended that both the government and other stakeholders should see how to integrate social workers in conflict prevention, management and resolution in the Niger Delta in order to fully maximize their peacebuilding potentials.

Citizenship Education in the Management of Deviant Behaviours among Tertiary Institution Students in North Central Nigeria

2025-05-21T12:13:26+00:00

Deviant behaviour among students in the institutions of learning is on the increase and it is obvious that any country that abandons her youths to be involved in deviant behaviour produces societal unrest, economic wastage and indiscriminate destruction of lives and property. This research will examine Citizenship education in the management of deviant behaviour among students in tertiary institution in North Central, Nigeria. The descriptive survey design was used for this study and The population for the study comprises of all the students in the three university in the North Central geo-political zone of Nigeria, a sample of eight hundred (800) respondents was used for the study and the purposive and multi-stage sampling was used to ensure that both Federal, State and Private university were selected, each institution have an equal and independent chances of being selected for the entire population. The research instruments for data collection in this study was questionnaire and interview, Citizenship education in the management of deviant behaviour among students Questionnaire (SCEMDBASQ) was designed by the researcher to investigate Citizenship education in the management of deviant behaviour. The questionnaire was in the form of structured responses where strongly agree (SA), agree (A), disagree (D), strongly disagree (SD) and to a very great extent (VGE), to a great extent (GE), to a moderate extent (ME), to a little extent (LE) were used. The researcher design interview questions for respondents on Citizenship Education in the management of deviant behaviour among student’s oral interview (CEMDBASOIQ). The data collected were analysed using the descriptive statistics of frequency counts, percentage, means and standard deviation. The inferential statistics of Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to test the null hypotheses stated. The level of statistical significance will be set at α = 0.05. The data will be analysed using Statistical Package for Social Scientist (SPSS) Version 16.0 while discussions of the findings and recommendation will follow immediately.

Gender Based Violence and Vulnerable Group: The Need for Women Emancipation during and after Covid-19 Pandemic

2025-05-24T16:17:19+00:00

Violence Against Women is a gender-based violence, and is a global phenomenon that cuts across all societies, boundaries of age, socio-economic status, education and geography. Yet globally we still do not know very much about its extent. Economic empowerment has long been considered a key component in structural interventions to reduce gender inequality and the experience of Gender-Based Violence (GBV) among women and girls. This paper also takes a critical survey on the recurring of gender-based violence in our society, with specific emphasis on sexual harassment in tertiary institution, a case of University of Calabar and Cross River University of Technology in Calabar, Cross River State. A descriptive method was adopted and data was collected via a survey of three hundred and fifty-seven (357) respondents using non-probabilistic sampling techniques. Data collected were analyzed using correlation and multiple regression analysis and t-tests with the aid of statistical package for social science (SPSS). The result of the study revealed a significant positive relationship between gender-based violence and vulnerable group and the need for women emancipation/empowerment. As predicted, the study also revealed that, results from recent studies have yielded inconsistent evidence on the relationship between women’s economic empowerment (WEE) interventions and the risk of Gender-based violence, possibly because increase empowerment challenges the status quo in the household, which can result in a male partner using violence to maintain his position. Reciprocally, there is evidence indicating increased empowerment reduces Gender-based violence because educational or financial empowerment offers higher status in the household, which when decreases women’s risk of experiencing violence.

Managing Learning Styles and Academic Achievement among Senior Secondary II Biology Students in Calabar Municipality, Cross River State, Nigeria

2025-05-26T05:12:17+00:00

It is disheartening to note that the poor academic achievement, in biology at public examinations in recent times has been explained as a major cause of decline in the general science course and standard of education in core science in Nigeria. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether learning styles relate with academic achievement of biology students in Calabar Education zone. A correlation design was the research design adopted by the researcher. In the course of conducting this study the simple random sampling techniques was employed in selecting 100 SS11 students in the study area. Two instruments were used for data collection namely questionnaire named “Learning Style Questionnaire” (LSQ) and Biology Achievement Test (BAT) (adopted from Joy .M, Reid, 1987). The data collected was scored, coded and analyzed using Pearson Correlation and was tested at 0.05level of significance. The results of the analysis revealed that the students’ approach towards logical learning style correlates positively with academic achievement in biology. The result also showed that intrapersonal learning style correlates positively with the academic achievement in Biology among SSII students in Calabar Education zone. It was recommended among others that; for better academic achievement in Biology, teachers should identify the learning styles of their students and used teaching strategies that complement them.

Tourism festivals and Youth Development in Nigeria: The Emerging Social Dynamics of Calabar Carnival, Yakurr Leboku and Ogoja (Northfest) festivals in Cross River State

2025-05-26T05:30:02+00:00

Tourism festivals are strategic development initiatives to promote cultural inclusion, heritage, identity and diversity to harness economic and sociocultural endowment to generate investments, and promote business climate, generate foreign earnings with a trickle-down effect to the host community. The Cross River State tourism development initiative (Calabar Carnival, Yakurr Leboku New Yam and Ogoja Northfest) festivals), are cultural and historical activities packaged together to promote heritage and identity while promoting investment and commerce in the state. However, these tourism initiatives have not only promoted the state socioeconomically and globally, but has equally promoted illicit drug and alcohol use and abuse among the youth which results to mental disorders. It has equally promoted noise and environmental pollution, traffic congestion, human and vehicular movement restrictions and heightened criminality among the youth in terms of rape, cybercrimes and bullying, pick pocketing and robbery, kidnapping, unprotected sexual escapade, and unwanted pregnancies with some resulting to abortions etc. These ugly trend poses a great risk to tourism development and environmental sustainability, and health promotion because it affects the socioeconomic wellbeing of the youth and state. This paper takes a descriptive theoretical look at the emerging social dynamics and implications tourism (Calabar Carnival, Yakurr Leboku and Ogoja (Northfest) festivals and youth development in Nigeria. The paper recommends that state governments and stakeholders should take critical planning and monitoring models, and strategic intelligence and information surveillance using modern technology, and innovative security solutions to ensure youths involved in tourism festivals are protected from these social vices. Government and stakeholders should invest in tourism infrastructures and social amenities for sustainable tourism development. There should sustained coordination of tourism activities, sensitization and awareness creation by state government and stakeholders with the involvement of development expects, psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers and other care-givers to mitigate the negative consequences to protect the youth population, development and environmental sustainability.

Key words: Tourism, festival, development, youth, social dynamics

Winner-Takes-All Politics and Democratic Instability in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic: A Critical Reappraisal

2025-05-28T06:04:25+00:00

This study interrogates the implications of winner-takes-all politics for democratic stability in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic. Relying on a qualitative analysis of political developments from 1999 to 2023, it contends that Nigeria’s political system, structured around zero-sum electoral contests, fosters exclusion, heightens inter-group animosity, and undermines democratic consolidation. Drawing on elite theory and supported by documented cases of power centralization, executive-legislative friction, and electoral violence, the paper demonstrates that the current framework sustains political volatility and erodes citizen trust. The study advocates a shift toward inclusive governance through electoral and constitutional reforms that promote power-sharing and participatory democracy.

Keywords: Conflict, Democracy, Elections, Politics, Winner-takes-all

Managing School-Based Resources and Secondary School Effectiveness in Cross River State, Nigeria

2025-05-28T07:52:34+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between school-based resource management and secondary school effectiveness in Cross River State, Nigeria, using a descriptive survey research design. The population consisted of 487 administrators across the three senatorial districts of the state, with a census sampling technique ensuring full participation and eliminating sampling error. Data were collected using validated and reliable instruments-the School-Based Resource Management Questionnaire (SBRMQ) and Secondary School Effectiveness Inventory (SSEI) and analyzed using a four-point Likert scale with a criterion mean of 2.50 as the benchmark for interpretation. Findings revealed that effective management of human, financial, and physical resources significantly enhances administrative and instructional effectiveness in secondary schools. However, challenges such as inadequate funding, limited autonomy, and insufficient training impede optimal resource utilization. The study concludes that strategic interventions like capacity building, stakeholder engagement, and digital integration are essential for addressing these challenges. It recommends comprehensive policy reforms and sustained investment in resource management to improve the effectiveness of secondary schools in Cross River State.